Cognitive triangle in the elderly: with emphasis on sleep quality and physical activity level
Keywords:
Keywords: Physical activity, sleep quality, cognitive triangle, elderlyAbstract
Introduction: Aging is a stage of life associated with physiological and psychological changes, which increases the risk of psychological dysfunction. Among the factors influencing mental health in the elderly, lifestyle variables such as physical activity and sleep quality play significant roles in maintaining psychological functioning. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of physical activity level and sleep quality on the cognitive triangle in Iranian elderly individuals.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study employed multistage random cluster sampling. The statistical population consisted of adults over 60 years old from five geographical regions of Iran. Data collection tools included the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Elderly Physical Activity Questionnaire (Chapms). Data were analyzed using two-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).
Results: The results of the two-way MANOVA indicated that both physical activity level and sleep quality significantly influenced the subscales of the cognitive triangle in the elderly. Additionally, the interaction between these two factors was also statistically significant. According to Beck’s cognitive theory, the cognitive triangle includes negative thoughts about oneself, others, the world, and the future, which predisposes individuals to depression.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that regular physical activity and good sleep quality can prevent psychological declin in elderly individuals. It is recommended to design intervention and educational programs to enhance physical activity and improve sleep quality among the elderly to preserve their psychological health.
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